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36 articles for “Estimating”
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Validation of n-variable Linear Regression Model
Abstract: Purpose: The researcher generalizes regression of three variables to n-variable by induction method with the help of cofactor of a matrix so that it assist to the predictor and estimator to estimate and predict dependent variable with the help of independent variables as applied in the relationship between dependent variable GDP and independent variables agriculture, industry, and service sector by using the n-variable regression model at initial condition. This seems …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Operations Research & Management · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 26–29 Read article
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Estimating Housing Unit for Low Income Group of People in Kathmandu, Nepal
Abstract: The number of slums and squatters are increasing at very high rate. The overall objective of this study was to find out the number of housing units required to fulfill the housing needs for the low-income group. The two squatter settlements: Jagritinagar, Sinamangal and Thapathali, from Bagmati River of Kathmandu valley areas were selected as the samples. Questionnaire survey and interview were conducted with the residents of the study area …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Operations Research & Management · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 16–27 Read article
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Understanding the Client Pressure in Valuations of Tangible Assets
Abstract: With the increasing competition in the valuation industry, it has been found that the valuers are prone to fall prey to the client’s constant amount of pressure inflicted on them for manipulating the estimated amount. This paper investigates such similar scenarios holistically, inclining that such characteristics is very much evident throughout the world for which better care needs to be taken in order to avoid such bias.
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Business Risk Management · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Digital Approach to the Cost Management of Construction Works: Exploring Key Areas for Operations Improvement
Abstract: Digital approaches to construction cost management use digital technology to analyze project data and improve operations, cost predictions, identify cost drivers, set budgets, and reduce the risk of going over budget. However, empirical evidence indicates that the software and hardware requirements in performing cost estimation vary. These requirements vary depending on the technological advancement, the client and/or market demand, and the users’ needs, amongst other factors. There is thus scope …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Operations Research & Management · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 21–32 Read article
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Predicting Product Placement Marketing Effects Under MediaMultitasking Behavior
Abstract: This study investigates the relationship between product placement marketing effectiveness and media multitasking behavior in contemporary digital media environments. As audiences increasingly engage with multiple media platforms simultaneously, understanding how multitasking influences advertising outcomes has become an important issue for marketers and researchers. The study develops a stochastic model to examine how different product placement attributes, namely screen placement, script placement, and plot placement, interact with varying levels of media …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Advertising and Brand Management · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 11–18 Read article
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ESG Performance as a Non-Financial Determinant of Corporate Borrowing Cost: Evidence from Indian Listed Companies (2020–2025)
Abstract: This study examines the influence of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance on corporate borrowing costs among Indian listed companies during the period 2020–2025. Using a balanced panel dataset of 50 firms across multiple sectors, the research investigates whether stronger ESG practices contribute to lower debt financing costs in an emerging market setting. The study employs advanced econometric techniques, including fixed- effects regression, instrumental variable estimation, and difference-in-differences analysis centered …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Financial Planning and Management · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Analysis of the Determinant of Private Investment Behaviour in Nigeria Between 1984 and 2016
Abstract: The study carried out a trend analysis of private investment, examined the factor that determines private investment behaviour, and compared the relative effectiveness of the factors that determine private investment decision in Nigeria. Data for the study are sourced from the Global Development Network Database of World Bank, and seven variables are identified as determinants for estimation. The estimation techniques adopted for this study are the panel data error correction …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Organizational Behavior Management · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 8–15 Read article
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An Empirical Study on Employee Retention in Manufacturing Industries
Abstract: Employee retention might be a consistent effort by the managers to outline and current labourers to get utilize of action and practices setup that tend to their different needs. A strong support system transforms into an awesome accomplishment instrument. Support of key delegate prosperity and accomplishment of any affiliation holding your best labourers ensures client satisfaction; extended thing bargains, happy accomplices, and incorporation agent’s intense movement considering and significantly embedded …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Human Resource Management & Development · pp. 28–34 Read article
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A Structural Change in Demand for Service due to Income Elasticity: A Macro Analysis
Abstract: Present condition shows that India has a higher economic growth. When we talk about which factors are responsible for economic growth. There will be many factors, but the main factor is the demand in service; rapid growth in the service sector that have contributed to overall economic growth. The present study is an attempt to provide a substantial theoretical explanation through demand side to support service led growth. The present …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Consumer Behavior & Market Research · pp. 8–10 Read article
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Growing Use of Next-Door Faces and Transformation to The Digital Age: A Study on Arrival of New Practices In the Indian Advertising Industry
Abstract: Advertising is the primary focus because of its importance at the confluence of culture and business. Advertising trends have shifted away from traditional television and print advertisements and toward innovative marketing strategies such as co-branding, content marketing, QR codes, and online advertising. In the advertising sector, TV and print are still strongholds, but new technology is creating new channels for connecting with customers. Advertising agency GroupM predicted that India's ad …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Advertising and Brand Management · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 11–20 Read article
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Dynamics & Marketing Trends in Fast Food Industry- a Special Case Study of Mcdonalds in Delhi (NCR)
Abstract: This study reveals the various marketing strategies and promotional forces of McDonalds. McDonalds uses several different means to help them in achieving revenue and increasing a positive customer engagement and experience towards their products. Three main sources of revenue are franchise revenues, the property returns that McDonalds receive from renting, leasing or sublease to franchises and retail sales. In spite of the difficulties and extraordinary rivalry in the business sector, …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Consumer Behavior & Market Research · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 18–29 Read article
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A Structural Change in Demand for Service-due to Income Elasticity: A Macro Analysis
Abstract: Present condition shows that India has a higher economic growth. When we talk about which factorsare responsible for economic growth. There will be many factors but the main factor is demandservice and rapid growth and its service sector that have contributed to overall economic growth. Thepresent study is a attempt to provide a substantial theoretical explanation through demand. Side tosupport service led growth. The present study estimates the income elasticity …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Consumer Behavior & Market Research · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2021 Read article
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Research on Relationship Between EVA & EPS
Abstract: Economic Value Added (EVA) is a financial measurement tool that company can use to measure the financial performance of their unit. EVA determines if a business is earning more than its true cost of capital. EVA is an estimate of the true economic profit (not accounting profit). EVA is highly accurate because it includes the cost of debt financing and equity financing. EVA is more than just performance measurement system, …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Business Risk Management · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 13–25 Read article
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Preservation and Rrestoration of Ancient Heritage Homes of Goa by Designing a Revenue Generation Model for Economic Benefits
Abstract: Goa is a smallest state of India with a rich colonial and pre-colonial heritage, visible in various architectural typologies of its churches, temples, forts and houses. By restoring old Indo-Portuguese houses by systematic planning of investments from both, owner and investors, it can open a whole new range of heritage rental villas across the state, which is already on high demand. This model also helps in the conservation and restoration …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Business Risk Management · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 23–31 Read article
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External Debt as an Explanatory Deterrent to Nigeria’s Macroeconomic Solidity
Abstract: External debt implies fund borrowed from international financial institutions but was not paid back. This study examines the impact of external debt on some selected macroeconomic forces in Nigeria: Inflation rate, exchange rate, interest rate, and balance of payment. Time series data were used for the analysis and were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria, Statistical bulletin, and other relevant publications. The data are covered from 1987 to 2020. …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Business Risk Management · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 14–25 Read article
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Optimizing Enterprise Financial Risk Management: An Advanced Ensemble Machine Learning Framework for Transactional Fraud Mitigation and Business Continuity
Abstract: Transactional fraud represents a critical threat to enterprise risk management (ERM) and corporate governance, draining billions annually from global financial infrastructures. The Nasdaq Global Financial Crime Report estimates total fraud losses at $485.6 billion annually, with credit card fraud alone accounting for $28.6 billion. Managing this operational vulnerability is severely challenged by data asset asymmetry, where legitimate transactions dwarf fraudulent anomalies by a ratio exceeding 500:1. Standard classification models trained …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Business Risk Management · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Women Entrepreneurship
Abstract: A woman or a group of women who starts a business, collects all necessary resources, faces different types of challenges, takes risks, provides employment to others and manages the business by her own is known as women entrepreneur. It is estimated that approximately 1/3 of the entrepreneurs in the world are women entrepreneurs. However, this definition gave birth to several criticisms about the theory. In recent times, the role of …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Entrepreneurship Planning, Development and Management · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 9–13 Read article
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Earliest Validated Learning
Abstract: The journey of entrepreneurship starts with identification of problem which needs to be solved. Existing practices such as minimum viable product is more focussed towards the validation of solution to the problem. There is no point in progressing further if the problem identified does not worth solving, so validation of problem is the first and very important activity in entrepreneurship journey. The earliest validated learning (EVL) is a set of …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Entrepreneurship Planning, Development and Management · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 30–34 Read article
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The Effects on the Real Estate Sector due to ‘Reverse’ Migration since Lockdown 2020
Abstract: The purpose of our study is to detect the influence of the lockdown restrictions on the real estate sector. The significance of the real estate sector to the economy may be captured with several estimates and numeric. This study is particularly focused to ascertain the effects of lockdown on the workers of the real estate markets. The main focus of our study is to check the wage rate of the …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Entrepreneurship Planning, Development and Management · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 25–33 Read article
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Challenges Before Startup Entrepreneurs in Present Entrepreneurial Ecosystem
Abstract: The entrepreneurial ecosystem is the environment in which startups are born, grow, and succeed. It comprises elements that help companies succeed, such as infrastructure, talent, and finance access. The entrepreneurial ecosystem is constantly evolving, and the challenges faced by startup entrepreneurs are also changing. To provide a supportive environment for businesses and entrepreneurs, initiatives like Startup India, Make in India, and Digital India have been introduced. Startup entrepreneurs are indi- …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Entrepreneurship Planning, Development and Management · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 51–59 Read article