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24 articles for “Expenditure”
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Analysis of the Economic Status of Beneficiaries of the E-Nirman Scheme (In the Context of Bhavnagar District)
Abstract: Government welfare schemes play a vital role in strengthening the economic condition of socially and economically disadvantaged sections of society. In this context, the E-Nirman scheme introduced by the Government of Gujarat for construction workers represents an important initiative aimed at improving their socio-economic well-being. The scheme provides various welfare benefits such as financial assistance, insurance coverage, health support, and educational aid, with the objective of enhancing the living standards …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Operations Research & Management · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 30–36 Read article
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Financing Health in India: An Overview
Abstract: Financing health care means ensuring adequate funds for health care to provide equitable access to all people and to reduce financial burden on the people. India’s healthcare system is neither sufficient nor updated. Quality of health care services is one serious issue in the country. Each year 122 person per 1 lakh die due to poor quality of care. There is linkage between poor quality of health service and low …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Leadership and Strategic Management · pp. 13–16 Read article
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Consumer Choice in Health Insurance Market in India
Abstract: The most important tool for financial planning has traditionally been thought to be insurance. But now that the worldwide pandemic has passed, everyone is much more conscious of the significance of health insurance. Health insurance is becoming more necessary due to the rising rate of inflation in medical expenses. Efforts to raise public knowledge of the benefits and worth of health insurance may result in a rise in sales. Of …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Advertising and Brand Management · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Effect of Value-Added Tax on Economic Development (The Nigerian Perspective)
Abstract: Synopsis of tax administration system in Nigeria fascinates divergent views, especially in relation to value-added tax (VAT) effectiveness in enhancing economic development. There are concerns in some quarters that VAT administration in Nigeria is plagued by structural defects on multiple fronts. This paper, therefore, investigated the effectiveness of VAT system in Nigeria to evaluate its influence on economic development. Meta-analytic results from the research on VAT administration in Nigeria assert …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Corporate & Business Laws · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 44–51 Read article
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Corporate Social Responsibility Spending and Financial Performance: Evidencefrom selected NIFTY Firms in India
Abstract: This study examines the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) expenditure and accounting-based financial performance, measured through Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE), for selected NIFTY-listed companies over the period 2020–21 to 2024–25. Using secondary data collected from published annual reports, the research evaluates trends in CSR spending and assesses its influence on firm profitability. The findings indicate a consistent upward trajectory in CSR investments across most …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Business Ethics, Ethos & CSR · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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An Analytical Study on Relationship Between Spending on CSR and Market Price of a Share of IT Services & Consulting Companies Listed on NSE
Abstract: Every business carries out all of its activities within the society, hence it become moral duty of a business to pay some compensation to the society in which it operates. The activities conducted by a business for the betterment of the society is known as Corporate Social Responsibility. As per Companies Act, 2013 it become compulsory to formulate the Committee for CSR and spend some amount towards such social activities. …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Business Risk Management · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 6–11 Read article
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Evaluating the Effect of CSR on Financial Performance: An Analysis of the Indian Banking Industry
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to ascertain how corporate social responsibility (CSR) affects the financial performance of Indian banks. As CSR increasingly becomes a vital component of corporate strategy, the research focuses on understanding how CSR activities influence key financial metrics such as return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and net profit margin. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study combines thematic content analysis and qualitative insights from …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Business Risk Management · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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A Comparative Study of Traditional vs. Modern Budgeting Techniques
Abstract: Budgeting is a vital managerial function that supports strategic planning, financial control, and effective resource utilization within organizations. It provides a structured mechanism for setting financial objectives, estimating revenues and expenditures, and coordinating activities across departments. Traditionally, budgeting has been primarily concerned with cost control, annual forecasting, and performance monitoring through fixed financial targets. However, the rapidly evolving business environment characterized by globalization, technological advancement, and market volatility has exposed …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Performance Management & Retention Strategies · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 6–12 Read article
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Significance of Leadership Fetches the Upright Stature of Digital Prosperity
Abstract: The unique term “Occupational Advancement” is one of the needful considerations in all over the globe right now. That is why the entire paradigm of an organization has really been reformed from the perspective of an eco-friendly environment where each associate can have the most transparent occupational outputs within the stipulated time frame. On the other hand, all the successful business trends largely depend upon the time and the concept …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Management Information Systems Read article
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A Study on Essence of Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) for Organisations in Indian Context
Abstract: Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) is an approach with the fundamental Nature of communicating the essentials of the Organisation to the Internal & External Customers. IMC in the acceptable Organisational Parlance may be considered as the process for Planning, Executing and Monitoring the brand messages that create customer relationships. IMC is directly related to the promotional aspect of the Organisations. A huge proportion of Investment today is directed towards Advertising & …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Advertising and Brand Management · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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The Impact of Fiscal Rules on Economic Stabilization in Taiwan
Abstract: This study is to construct the national fiscal rule index for Taiwan and investigate the impacts of fiscal rules on stabilizing the economy in Taiwan. We follow the pattern of fiscal rules published by the International Monetary Fund and adopt the methods of Schaechter et al. (2012) and Nerlich and Reuter (2012) to construct the fiscal rules index for Taiwan. The autoregressive distributed lag model is utilized to examine the …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Corporate & Business Laws · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 36–43 Read article
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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CSR OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANK (Qualitative)
Abstract: CSR has been a strategic and ethical concern for the Indian banking industry, especially after the Companies Act of 2013 was enacted, which made CSR spending mandatory for eligible companies. The objective of this research, therefore, is to compare the scope, spending patterns, focus areas, and overall effectiveness of the CSR programs undertaken by Indian public and private sector banks. The research investigates some of the top-rated banks in these …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Corporate & Business Laws · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Impact of Subscription Models on Consumer Spending
Abstract: Subscription-based business models have significantly influenced consumer spending behaviors in recent times, offering convenience, premium services, and exclusive benefits while influencing financial decision-making. This study helps to explore the impact of subscription services across various industries including entertainment/media, Software services, fitness, and food delivery. It examines the consumer spending behavior, perceived value for money, and long-term commitment toward the services. The research highlights how subscriptions encourage recurring expenditures, lack of …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Consumer Behavior & Market Research · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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A Study on” Savings and Investment Pattern Among the Working Class People in Belagavi City”
Abstract: Investment is an economic activity and it is fascinated by people as a sphere of intense activity.The main aim of any saver is to do investment as these small investments made today are to meet their upcoming expenditures. The amount of outlay and proportion of savings largely depends upon the income levels of people. Investments are made out of savings, or in other words, people invest their savings. The investor …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Financial Planning and Management · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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Financial Projection as a Planning Tool on Construction Projects: Cash Flow Analysis and S-Curve Valuation for a Residential Development Scheme
Abstract: The adequacy of financial control in a construction firm signifies a hallmark of its ability to avert failure. A construction firm’s financial standing is, however, an agglomeration of its cash flow management at the project level. Cash inflows and outflows are the core financial management elements on construction projects, needed to ensure sufficient liquidity that is necessary to keep the project running. Cash flow analysis and valuation for a project …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Financial Planning and Management · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 60–66 Read article
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A Study on the Collision of Education Development in the Growth of the Indian Economy and Population
Abstract: Education helps create core values for each nation. Education plays a stellar role in the development of the economy. Education not only provides solutions to economic problems like poverty, unemployment, and economic growth, but it also gives the solution to different social issues like crime rate, population growth etc. In building a nation, the contribution of education is as vital as the economy's growth for a nation's development. Hence this …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Financial Planning and Management · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 33–37 Read article
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Infrastructure and Development in Nigeria: The Financing Implications of Budget Deficits for Economic Productivity
Abstract: A consensus of opinions from the scholarly literature reiterates that the major cause for the buildup of external and domestic debt, by low-developed Developed Countries (LDCs), is the financing burden arising from public expenditure, which is associated with fiscal deficit. In Nigeria, the provision of infrastructure, such as in the area of transportation via road construction, airways and waterways, via the financing of budget deficits, however, has implications for productivity. …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Financial Planning and Management · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 105–116 Read article
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Impact of Social Networking Sites as a Marketing Tool for Business School Promotions
Abstract: In selecting a B School, a prospective student finds it very difficult in selecting the right choice for him/ her. Most of the B Schools promise the same facilities, infrastructure, placements, and exposure to various subjects, etc. A student is bombarded with various choices and finds it difficult to find the right B School. Hence, it is necessary for a student to find a trusted source of information in selecting …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Information Technology & Management · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 12–20 Read article
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The Role of Support in Progressing Companies Efficiency and Productivity
Abstract: Maintenance is a critical element in the oil and gas (O&G) industry's production process. Maintenance management seeks to determine the most suitable equipment maintenance plan within the system to achieve an acceptable level of integrity and security and to obtain high asset performance and availability without undue investment. A developed and integrated framework for strategic and operational maintenance policies in the oil and gas industry is presented to satisfy the …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Information Technology & Management · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 19–35 Read article
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Computer-based Marketing Analysis in a Pharma PSU
Abstract: Computer is mandatory in this advanced era and pharmaceutical and related subjects are not exception to it. This review mainly focuses on the various applications, software and use of computers in pharmaceutical and pharmacy. Computer science and technology is deeply utilized in pharmaceutical field everywhere like in, pharmaceutical industries, pharmacy colleges, research centers, hospital pharmacy and many more. Computer significantly reduces the time, expenditure, and manpower required for any kind …
Published in NOLEGEIN Journal of Information Technology & Management · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 13–25 Read article